People who switch jobs make more—especially in certain sectors—thanthose who stay with an employer, says a new study, although itdepends on whether they’re full time or part time. In addition,workers who get hired via employee referrals could end up with the shortend of the stick paywise, depending on their relationship to theemployee who referred them.

An ADP study findsthat while job holders—those who stay in a single job for at leasta year—saw their wages grow by 4.3 percent year over year in thefourth quarter, job switchers—those who changed jobs during thatyear—only saw a 3.3 percent increase YOY in Q4. On average, jobholders made an average of $10 more in hourly levels than jobswitchers. But when considering only full-time workers, theswitchers made out better than the holders, with a gain of 4.9percent compared with holders’ 4.3 percent.

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Although wages haven’t grown significantly, the report says,employers are willing to fork over more cash for talent in IT andprofessional services that stayed put. But leisure and hospitality,on the other hand, paid off better for job switchers, with wagegrowth at 6.3 percent. A close second for job switchers was theinformation services industry, at 6.2 percent.

For those switchers, a move with a referral could make asubstantial difference in their pay... depending on who refers themand their relationship to the referrer.

Another study, this onefrom Payscale, Inc., finds that some employees who are referredearn less per year than nonreferred employees in the samecompany—and if they’re referred by a family member or close friend,that could actually cut the average offer by about $1,600, aftercontrolling for other factors influencing pay.

The most valuable referrals, the report finds, are those from aformer coworker, colleague or client—but even so, there’s a“significant difference” in how even these referrals pay off: formen, they’re likely to result in an offer as much as $8,200 more,while for women those referrals will only get them another$3,700.

Not only do referrals affect salary offers, but the likelihoodof prospective job candidates actually getting the referral varies.White women, the report says, are 12 percent less likely to havereceived a referral for their current position, while men of colorare 26 percent less likely to have received a referral and women ofcolor are 35 percent less likely to have gotten one.

Overall, about a third of new job offers go to people whoreceived a referral.